MySQLi kullanarak tavsiye ederim bu şekilde dener misiniz;

$servername = "";
$username = "";
$password = "";
$dbname = "";
$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);
if ($conn->connect_error) {
    die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
}
if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") {
    if (isset($_POST['data'])) {
        $subjectsx = $_POST['data'];
        $sid = isset($_POST['sid']) ? $conn->real_escape_string($_POST['sid']) : 0;
        $placeholders = array_fill(0, count($subjectsx), '?');
        $types = str_repeat('s', count($subjectsx));
        $query = "UPDATE yorum SET ";
        foreach ($subjectsx as $index => $value) {
            $query .= "kategori" . $index . " = ?, ";
        }
        $query = rtrim($query, ", ") . " WHERE id = ?";
        $types .= 'i';

        $stmt = $conn->prepare($query);
        $stmt->bind_param($types, ...$subjectsx, $sid);
        $stmt->execute();
        $stmt->close();
    }
}
$conn->close();