select s.soru_id, s.soru_tarih, s.soru_baslik,  c.cevap_id, c.cevap, c.cevap_tarih, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY s.soru_id ORDER BY c.cevap_tarih desc ) AS cevap_sirasi
from sorular s
left join cevaplar c on s.soru_id = c.soru_id
order by s.soru_tarih desc

detayli kullanim
row_number, rank, dens_rank
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0...criptions.html